A Renewed Focus on Human Capital: Certified Public Accountant

Under Item 101(c), public companies are required to disclose information about their human resources, including the number of people employed, distinguishing between fulltime and part-time employees;the number of employees per department;and human capital management policies, practices, and performance. According to the final amendments and after considering public comments, Item 101(c) requires the following disclosure: . According to the SASB, the human capital sustainability dimension "addresses the management of a company's human resources (employees and individual contractors) as key assets to delivering long-term value" (https://bit.ly/3B0QkOe). Developments in technology and digitization are continuous;knowledge gained today will be outdated tomorrow. [...]creating a learning culture by continuously investing in human capital is key to maintaining and strengthening companies' competitive positions.

Literature Review – Socio-Economic Impact of Covid-19 in India

In India, unemployment is not a new picture. Well, it increased tremendously during covid. We cannot imagine that how many people in India lost their jobs and was facing tough times both mentally and physically. The factories where the labors worked with their sweats and toils drove them away without thinking about their food and shelters. Though I understand that those companies were also facing cut throat situation as they were unable to make profits and pay their employees, but every company should treat their employees as their home members in work because employees are the responsibilities of a company or an organization. Tourism and travel business automatically got affected as we know that the whole world was in quarantine and as we all were quarantined, so for safety and precautions 96% of people preferred all the things delivered in home through online. So, in this way, the business through online gradually increased. Growth of pharmaceutical business occurred during covid throughout the world and not only India as medicines were the most necessity along with food. So, as the demand of medicines and food were the most that's why price also increased as the availability of those were decreasing. In a gig economy, large numbers of people work in part-time or temporary positions or as independent contractors. The result of a gig economy is cheaper, more efficient services, such as Uber or Airbnb. Covid-19 cases affected online job openings and online job filling affected the spread of pandemic. The Findings suggest that policymakers should make policies to support Gig economy because it has the potential to keep the world going even in the toughest of times. impact of Covid-19 on stock markets and economies of a country or a region but because the Gig economy platforms are global in nature so this study examines the impact of pandemic. Covid 19 had a very negative impact on mental health. Due to covid people behavior are affected very badly. It caused anxiety, depression, stress, mood swings and overthinking among each individual. Isolation and social distancing made people bound to stay away from each other. It has increased the barrier of communication. People are forced to stay in their home for longer period of time which made people frustrated and angry because before this they never had experienced this type of phase. Most probably children and youth had suffered from mental health problems. Away from the schools, colleges and offices actually affected them more. They were not able to meet their colleagues and friends which increased less concentration on their work and studies and their self- confidence was also fading. They were not able to focus on their work which made them annoyed which resulted in their lifestyle due to this it also affected their health. Older people are also affected which resulted in their behavior like they were shouting on smaller issue and have more anger issues. Emotional outburst is the one of the biggest challenges everyone had faced this during this pandemic. When one is upset or sad, he or she needed someone who actually understand them listen to them but one is leftall alone which resulted in emotional breakdown. Everyone faced this trauma and felt exhausted but at the end of the day everyone came out from this phase and they are stronger than before to face any challenges and hurdles. Covid-19 pandemic has created a havoc in our lives. During this turbulent time the "Health care system" is playing a very important role. Since the covid-19 outbreak health care professionals are working selflessly;doctors, nurses are working day and night to fight this pandemic and there are also medical cleaners, ambulance drivers, paramedics, pathologists who are helping them. Doctors and nurses are repeatedly cautioning us from the virus and also, they are treating the covid patients. While people across the world are home quarantined and schools, colleges, shopping malls, transportation system everything was closed in an attempt to contain the virus then these brave warriors are fi hting on the front line. Nearly 600 doctors across India have died of the covid-19 during the second wave of the pandemic, according to data compiled by IMA. Many nurses have also died. In India more than 50,000 civil defense volunteers are working effortlessly during this pandemic. They are continuously cautioning us "to stay at home, get out from your house if necessary";informing us about the covid-19 guidelines and made the lockdown successful. They are supplying medical equipment such as lifesaving medicines, masks, sanitizers, PPE kit, oxygen cylinder;helping to deliver food for needy people, setting up community kitchen and shelters for migrant workers. In this life-threatening situation when "Home" is the safest place, for your mental strength you need family members that time they have to stay far from their home, far from their families for their duties to protect us. Policemen are also playing an important role to keep people safe both in and outside the home;as in this time crime rate has increased very much, as well as domestic violence. Grocery and medical shopkeepers worked hard so that we could get food and necessary items during lockdown. The sacrifices this people are making continuously for humankind are priceless. Our utmost gratitude to the warriors for their subtle contribution. The covid pandemic has disrupted most of the aspects of our life. We the youth of the country are badly affected by the disaster named as covid 19 pandemic. Covid not only affected the people physically but also mentally. It not only affected the economic sectors but also affected the social sectors like school, colleges and other type of educational institutions. Before the pandemic most of us were habituated with the offline forms of education. As per the norms declared by the government, all educational institutions must be closed which not only affected the economy but also affected the daily routine of the students like us. During the lockdown period initially, online classes feel better as the exams are also taken online but finally came to know that the virus is not a blessing to the students but a foreshadow of the student's further life to adjust the online mode of education. We, the students felt a lot of difficulties while doing projects as many students don't have the facility of having computers in their home. Mainly the students coming from rural areas faced several problems in this online mode of education. We faced bunches of problems like power cuts during online classes, network issues, difficulties in submitting projects, face to face communication with the educational faculties, unable to go for educational excursions. The pandemic also affected the mental health of the students.

Essentially Dispossessed

As the COVID-19 pandemic ravaged human bodies and economies across the world, millions of app-deployed drivers in the United States—primarily immigrants and subordinated racial minorities—faced a dangerous and perplexing paradox created by law. Simultaneously treated as independent contractors, excluded from economic security, and anointed as “essential workers,” these workers were both celebrated and disproportionately exposed to poverty, disease, and death. This essay makes sense of the legal and lived condition of being essentially dispossessed during this moment. The author argues that this cruel contradiction became possible through a mystification generated by the fragmented nature of work law. Together with obscuring narratives of techno-modernism, seven years of arbitrary legal outcomes made the central legal question (are they employees or independent contractors?) appear unresolvable. Activist-drivers confronted their relegation to being essentially dispossessed by using their situated knowledges about their jobs, work law, and bureaucratic processes to demand economic security through direct actions.

PROTECTING GIG WORKERS' INTERESTS IN MALAYSIA THROUGH REGISTERED ASSOCIATION UNDER SOCIETIES ACT 1966 *

Model ekonomi gig telah memberi kesan yang besar kepada pertumbuhan ekonomi dunia. Melalui kontrak untuk perkhidmatan, pencari pekerjaan atau pekerja gig mempunyai peluang untuk bekerja di pelbagai sector dengan kelebihan dan faedah yang terhad. Model ekonomi gig ini telah memberi cabaran baharu terhadap hubungan pekerjaan dan industri kerana status mereka sebagai kontraktor bebas. Ketiadaan kesatuan sekerja untuk mewakili pekerja gig menyebabkan hak dan kepentingan mereka sering diabaikan dan dimanipulasi oleh penyedia perkhidmatan. Oleh itu, tujuan artikel ini adalah untuk meneroka badan alternatif yang boleh mewakili kepentingan pekerja gig dan terlibat secara aktif sebagai pemegang taruh dalam ekonomi gig ini. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kajian perundangan bagi menganalisis struktur perundangan terbaik bagi memelihara hak pekerja gig untuk berpersatuan. Artikel ini menganalisa peruntukan undangundang dan kes mahkamah menggunakan analisis kandungan bagi mencadangkan struktur terbaik yang boleh melindungi hak pekerja gig untuk berpesatuan. Kajian ini mendapati bahawa persatuan berdaftar di bawah Akta Pertubuhan 1966 adalah platfom yang paling sesuai yang boleh memainkan fungsi kesatuan sekerja dalam memelihara kepentingan pekerja gig di Malaysia.Alternate :The gig economy model has had a significant impact on global economic growth. Through contracts for services, job seekers or gig workers will have opportunities to work in many sectors with limited advantages and benefits. This gig economy model has posed challenges to employment and industrial relations due to the gig workers' status as independent contractors. In the absence of trade unions to speak on their behalf, the service providers may neglect and manipulate their rights and interests. This paper aims to explore the alternative body to protect the interest of the gig workers and to be the main stakeholders in the gig economy. This article uses doctrinal legal research to analyse the best platform for gig workers to unionise. This article analysed legal documents, namely legal provisions from various legislations and case law using the content analysis approach, and thereafter proposed the best legal structure to protect gig workers' rights to unionise. This article found that the registered society structured under the Societies Act 1966 is the most suitable platform which can play an important role similar to trade unions in its functions to represent gig workers' interest in Malaysia.

Effects of COVID-19 on United States Food Industry and Sharing Economy

The COVID-19 pandemic has altered the market such that both supply and demand are less predictable than ever before. U.S. businesses have had to learn to adapt to the rapid influx of demand in unexpected areas while demand slows in others, especially in the food industry. One way to address this is to utilize sharing economy within the supply chain, more specifically in last-mile logistics. Adopting a sharing economy model allows for an intimate working relationship between the company and a worker that can resemble an employee without much of the continuous employment and associated overhead costs. A form of this is independent contractors, who can be brought in rapidly when both supply and demand are high and can cope with the low demand with a reduced consequence to the business. One such example is a third-party app-based service providing the last mile logistics for restaurants. This research investigates the overarching impacts on the restaurant industry of a shift from consumers traveling to sharing economy providing last-mile logistics. © IEOM Society International.

Independent contractors and Covid-19 relief: Tax and social insurance legislative reform to extend protection to independent contractors

Since the Covid-19 virus arrived in South Africa, government has quite swiftly created a legislative framework to support its efforts to curb the rapid spread of the virus. For the most part the initiatives of government are commendable, but they very clearly leave out a great number of independent contractors and workers who may be currently incorrectly classified as such. The Department of Labour has created the TERS system (Temporary Employee/Employer Relief Scheme), geared at providing support to employers in the event that the business, as a result of the pandemic, may find that they need to retrench staff or close their business altogether in the foreseeable future. TERS is aimed at assisting employers to avoid these measures. However, the key word in all of these measures is employees. Who is an employee? There are some key differences between employees and independent contractors, the latter falling outside of the scope of the support structures set out above. However, what we know is that because of the downturn of many global economies we have seen an increased 'uberisation' of work. More and more companies are resorting to fixed term and independent contracts to perform work, as opposed to permanent employment. Uber drivers, domestic workers, consultants, waste pickers, performing artists, actors are all amongst the individuals who cannot claim from the UIF fund. The main criterion for access to TERS and the National Disaster Benefit is that you already contribute to the Fund through your employer. This contribution considers the challenges with the linking of social insurance to the definition of an employee, the possibility of expansion of the scope of the UIF Act as well the restructuring of tax contributions made by independent contractors to possibly allow them access to increased social protection.